20 maggio: Giornata mondiale delle api. Quando e perché è stata istituita

C’è un’Ape che se posa
su un bottone de rosa:
lo succhia e se ne va…
Tutto sommato, la felicità
è una piccola cosa.
(Trilussa, Felicità)

Giornata mondiale delle api è una giornata internazionale, che si celebra il 20 maggio di ogni anno, volta a sensibilizzare l’opinione pubblica sull’importanza degli impollinatori, sulle minacce che affrontano e sul loro contributo allo sviluppo sostenibile. Le api e altri impollinatori, come farfalle, pipistrelli e colibrì, infatti, consentono a molte piante di riprodursi, comprese numerose colture alimentari.

Il 18 ottobre 2017, l’Assemblea generale delle Nazioni Unite ha deciso di designare il 20 maggio, la Giornata mondiale delle api. Il 20 maggio è stato scelto per la giornata annuale poiché coincide con la data di nascita di Anton Janša (1734-1773), che nel XVIII secolo fu un pioniere delle tecniche di apicoltura moderne nel suo paese natale, la Slovenia, un paese che ha promosso la celebrazione e ha riconosciuto questi insetti per la loro capacità di lavorare richiedendo pochissima attenzione allo stesso tempo.

Api, farfalle ed altri insetti hanno un’influenza sostanziale su cibi come frutta e verdura che dipendono direttamente dagli impollinatori. Le api, inoltre, sono sempre più minacciate dalle attività umane. Insetti, pesticidi, cambiamenti nell’uso del suolo possono ridurre i nutrienti a loro disposizione e rappresentare quindi una minaccia per le loro spesso numerose colonie. Alcuni di questi temi sono stati anche ricordati dall’Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite.

La celebrazione della Giornata mondiale delle api ha diversi obiettivi:

attirare l’attenzione della popolazione mondiale e dei politici sull’importanza della protezione delle api
ricordare che l’umanità dipende dalle api e da altri impollinatori
proteggere le api ed altri impollinatori per contribuire in modo significativo alla soluzione dei problemi legati all’approvvigionamento alimentare globale e per eliminare la fame nei paesi sottosviluppati
fermare la perdita di biodiversità ed il degrado degli ecosistemi in modo da contribuire al raggiungimento degli obiettivi di sviluppo sostenibile (fonte https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giornata_mondiale_delle_api)

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