23 aprile: Giornata mondiale del libro e delle rose. La leggenda di San Giorgio che sconfisse il drago dell’ignoranza

Oggi 23 aprile si celebra San Giorgio ma è anche la giornata mondiale del libro, proclamata dall’Unesco nel 1996, e la festa degli innamorati in alcuni paesi.

Una giornata veramente particolare che si celebra ormai in tutto il mondo ma che nasce in Catalogna, dove tuttora è una grande festa popolare in particolare a Barcellona, città il cui santo protettore è proprio San Giorgio: le ramblas sono letteralmente invase da fiori, bancarelle di libri e una folla immensa di persone che acquistano libri e ricevono rose in cambio.

Ma perché è stato scelto proprio questo giorno per celebrare sia l’amore che i libri? Tutto nasce da una leggenda che risale al quindicesimo secolo.
Si narra che in una cittá a Sud di Barcellona ci fosse un terribile drago che esigeva ogni anno il sacrificio di una donna e di un agnello. Un brutto giorno ad essere scelta per il sacrificio fu la figlia del Re, ma il valoroso cavaliere San Giorgio intervenne e riuscì ad uccidere il drago un attimo prima che la principessa fosse inghiottita.
Una goccia di sangue di drago cadde a terra e lì spuntò una bellissima rosa rossa che San Giorgio colse e regalò alla principessa.

Da allora i catalani commemorarono Sant Jordi regalano rose alle loro amate, un antico San Valentino. Il 23 aprile però ricorre l’anniversario della morte di tre tra i più grandi autori della letteratura mondiale: Miguel de Cervantes, William Shakespeare e Garcilaso de la Vega, e fu per questo che nel 1926 un editore valenzano, Vicent Clavel i Andrés, fuse leggenda e storia unendo il simbolo del libro, che ricordava gli scrittori, alla rosa di San Giorgio dando vita alla festa dei libri e delle rose.

San Giorgio anche in Italia è un Santo molto conosciuto e patrono di molte città tra le quali Reggio Calabria e inoltre è protettore degli Scout, infatti il 23 aprile è il giorno in cui gli esploratori e le guide rinnovano solennemente la Promessa scout. secondo Baden-Powell, il fondatore dello scautismo, suggerisce di “rammentare” ai giovani la figura di San Giorgio, santo cavaliere difensore dei più deboli e indifesi, modello da imitare e riscoprire.
Annamaria Persico

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