Brevettato dall’ENEA un cemento eco-sostenibile ad alto isolamento termico

I ricercatori della divisione «Bioenergie» e del laboratorio «Biosicurezza» dell’ENEA hanno brevettato un innovativo processo basato sull’uso di lievito di birra e acqua ossigenata che consente di ottenere una tipologia di bio-cemento con elevate proprietà di isolamento termico e acustico e di resistenza al fuoco.

Il processo Baac (Bio aerated autoclavated concrete) è nato nei laboratori dei Centri ricerche ENEA di Trisaia, in Basilicata, specializzato nella chimica verde e le bioenergie, e di Casaccia, alle porte di Roma e consente di ridurre i costi di produzione e di ottenere un prodotto a maggiore sostenibilità rispetto ai tradizionali cementi «cellulari» aerati attualmente in commercio.

Nel processo brevettato dall’ENEA, infatti, la polvere di alluminio – un agente aerante molto infiammabile che richiede stringenti misure di sicurezza degli impianti – viene sostituita da lievito di birra miscelato con acqua ossigenata che consente di ottenere un prodotto tecnicamente molto leggero per la grande quantità di bolle d’aria al suo interno, lasciando però inalterate le caratteristiche meccaniche e fisiche del materiale cementizio.

I vantaggi economici e di sostenibilità ambientale derivano dall’abbattimento delle spese energetiche e dei costi indiretti connessi alla gestione dell’impianto ai fini della sicurezza e dalla riduzione del numero dei componenti «addizionali» come la calce e il gesso.

«Questa innovazione di processo è ancora di nicchia, ma presenta grandi potenzialità; infatti, le nostre attività di sperimentazione hanno suscitato l’interesse dei soggetti coinvolti nella filiera produttiva del cemento cellulare che hanno voluto contribuire fornendoci gratuitamente le materie prime», spiega Piero De Fazio della Divisione «Bioenergie, Bioraffinerie e Chimica Verde» presso il Centro ricerche ENEA della Trisaia.

«La formulazione di questa innovativa versione del cemento aerato autoclavato è stata possibile anche grazie alla collaborazione tra le competenze di chimica verde dei ricercatori di Trisaia e quelle dei sistemi in vitro ed in vivo dei ricercatori di Casaccia», sottolinea Giorgio Leter del Laboratorio «Biosicurezza e stima del rischio» presso il Centro ricerche ENEA della Casaccia.
(Fonte: ENEA)

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