Faber: tante allergie, un solo test. Lo strumento diagnostico è stato sviluppato da un team del Cnr

Un team guidato da Maria Antonietta Ciardiello dell’Istituto di bioscienze e biorisorse del Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche di Napoli (Ibbr-Cnr) ha dato vita a «Faber», un innovativo strumento diagnostico per le allergie il cui marchio è stato recentemente registrato presso l’ufficio dell’Unione Europea per la proprietà intellettuale.

Gli aspetti tecnici, clinici, diagnostici e professionali del test – frutto di un lavoro in collaborazione con i Centri associati di allergologia molecolare (Caam), l’Allergy Data Laboratories (Adl) e con il supporto dell’azienda austriaca MacroarrayDx – saranno portati al meeting della European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology in corso a Helsinki dal 17 al 21 giugno.

«Faber è stato sviluppato», spiega Ciardiello «grazie all’uso delle nanotecnologie: gli allergeni sono infatti accoppiati a piccolissimi supporti (nanobeads), utilizzando diversi tipi di legami chimici e ottimizzando la coniugazione delle proteine allergeniche con il supporto. Il dispositivo è costituito da un biochip sul quale sono immobilizzate 244 preparazioni allergeniche: 122 molecole e 122 estratti caratterizzati, provenienti da circa 150 differenti fonti allergeniche (alimenti, pollini, acari, epiteli, muffe, lattice, veleni di api e vespe, tessuti), che attraverso un unico test sierologico permettono di analizzare contemporaneamente la sensibilità a tutti gli allergeni».

«Nella raccolta di preparazioni allergeniche sono presenti componimenti esclusivi, realizzati e controllati costantemente dal gruppo Ibbr-Cnr, mentre il test, che prevede l’uso di siero o plasma umano e di un anticorpo anti-Immunoglobina E (IgE), viene eseguito dagli allergologi del Caam diretti da Adriano Mari».

Il Caam fornisce anche i risultati al paziente online tramite la cartella clinica elettronica «InterAll» e attraverso il Caam Digital Reporting System (Cdrs).

«La documentazione e l’interpretazione dei risultati», prosegue la ricercatrice del Cnr a differenza di un normale referto cartaceo, si aggiornano costantemente sulla base dei nuovi dati scientifici estratti dalla banca dati degli allergeni Allergome creata da Adl (www.allergome.org). Una versione professionale del software, Cdrs pro permette l’accesso agli specialisti, così da aggiornarli sulle novità del test, seguire tutorial e confrontarsi con casistiche reali. La documentazione del sito, accessibile da smartphone, tablet e pc, è disponibile in nove lingue, incluso il cinese».

L’allergia, definita dall’Organizzazione mondiale della sanità «una patologia non trasmissibile fuori controllo», negli ultimi dieci anni ha subito un notevole incremento, coinvolgendo quasi il 40% della popolazione mondiale. Influenzata dalla posizione geografica e dalle condizioni climatiche può, in alcune forme, essere causa di malattie croniche a rischio per la vita stessa dei soggetti allergici.

«Faber rappresenta uno strumento diagnostico tecnologicamente avanzato e», conclude Maria Antonietta Ciardiello «conta su un’ampia collezione di allergeni.Il test non necessita del digiuno preventivo da parte del paziente e non è influenzato dall’assunzione di farmaci, neanche di quelli prescritti per il trattamento dell’allergia. Necessita di 4 ore per l’esecuzione e la pubblicazione dei risultati è immediata».
(Fonte: Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche)

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