Il calabrese Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, il primo travel blogger della Storia che fece il primo giro del mondo via terra

di ANTONIO CIAPPINA

Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri nacque a Radicena, l’odierna Taurianova (Comune della provincia di Reggio Calabria) nel 1648.

Gemelli Careri è stato un giurista e viaggiatore. Studiò a Napoli lavorando come magistrato, ma la sua fama deriva dai suoi continui viaggi compiendo il giro del mondo per divertimento e negoziando il suo passaggio da una nazione all’altra.

Iniziò a viaggiare nel 1685 tra: Francia, Spagna, Germania e Ungheria, combattendo nella quinta guerra austro-ungarica del 1686. Riprese poi a viaggiare nel 1693, questa volta in giro per il mondo abbandonando la sua professione .

Questo viaggio intorno al mondo, probabilmente il primo della storia compiuto via terra, iniziato nel 1693, toccò paesi come: L’Egitto, la Persia, L’Armenia i Luoghi Santi e la Cina, arrivando anche a Cuba. Francesco Gemelli Careri era un avventuriero, amante della scoperta e del pericolo, viaggiava per puro diletto, tanto da essere considerato il precursore del turismo.

Non essendo un mercante, un diplomatico o missionario religioso, questo suo viaggiare per puro divertimento, generavano dell’incredulità e diffidenza a chi lo incontrava, pensando che fosse una spia. Questo presentimento era forte in Cina, dove c’era molto diffidenza verso gli occidentali che arrivavano nella loro terra e molti come i missionari non facevano ritorno a casa.

Grazie alla sua eloquenza e la conoscenza politico-sociale Dell’Europa, Careri riuscì a farsi finanziare il suo lungo viaggio. Il suo modo di parlare si evince nelle pagine del suo diario di viaggio, utilizzando un italiano moderno e scorrevole.

Ritornato a Napoli nel 1699 pubblicò il resoconto del suo viaggio in sei volumi con il titolo di Giro Del Mondo Del Dottor Giovanni Francesco Gemelli. Nonostante la fama del suo libro, non ottenne mai una posizione di prestigio, dove venne anche definito un falso per quello che aveva raccontato e scritto.

Ma erano tutte accuse ridicole, visto che i suoi scritti accertano dati reali, dove solo chi ci è stato nel caso ad esempio della Cina, può raccontare tutto nei minimi dettagli. Gemelli Careri morì a Napoli nel 1724.

Personaggio poco conosciuto e alquanto singolare, sia a livello regionale che nazionale, Gemelli Careri può essere definito anche come il primo giornalista reporter, piuttosto che viaggiatore, perché ci ha riportato nei minimi dettagli, ogni aspetto, sociale, economico, politico, culturale di alcune parti del mondo poco conosciuti all’epoca.

LE OPERE di Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri

Viaggi per Europa del dottor D. Gio: Francesco Gemelli Careri. Divisati in varie lettere familiari, scritte al sig. consigl. Amato Danio, Giuseppe Roselli, Napoli 1701.
Giro del Mondo del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri (Prima edizione stampata a Napoli, 1699-1700, in 6 voll.)

Parte prima contenente le cose più ragguardevoli vedute nella Turchia
Parte seconda contenente le cose più ragguardevoli vedute nella Persia
Parte terza contenente le cose più ragguardevoli vedute nell’Indostan
Parte quarta contenente le cose più ragguardevoli vedute nella Cina
Parte quinta contenente le cose più ragguardevoli vedute nelle isole Filippine
Parte sesta contenente le cose più ragguardevoli vedute nella Nuova Spagna

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