Lamezia Terme e la vera storia di Sant’Eufemia

La Chiesa cattolica ricorda il 16 settembre Eufemia da Calcedonia, santa greca antica, giovane martire presso Calcedonia in Bitinia.
Santa Eufemia di Calcedonia in Calabria, pur dando il nome all’omonimo e importante golfo e a uno degli ex-comuni che costituiscono Lamezia Terme (oltre che all’omonimo paese in Aspromonte), continua ad essere sconosciuta ai più, mentre nel resto d’Italia e del mondo è molto venerata, soprattutto nelle città dove sono custodite le sue reliquie: Piacenza e Rovigno d’Istria.

Le notizie più recenti e affascinanti sulla storia di Santa Eufemia provengono dallo storico lametino Vincenzo Villella (Le reliquie di Santa Eufemia, inCalabria Edizioni, 2011) e sono strettamente collegate con quella dell’Abbazia di Sant’Eufemia, da cui provengono le reliquie della Santa di Calcedonia, protettrice dell’ortodossia cattolica, e che sono tuttora custodite nella chiesa di San Giovanni Battista a Sant’Eufemia Vetere.

Tutto ha inizio a Calcedonia nel 303, durante le persecuzioni di Diocleziano quando Santa Eufemia, quindicenne, fu arrestata, torturata e fatta sbranare dai leoni. Nel 313 con l’Editto di Costantino fu riconosciuta la religione cristiana e il suo culto cominciò a diffondersi in tutti i paesi dell’Impero.

Le spoglie furono portate a Constantinopoli nel 620 ma nell’800 il sarcofago sparì e misteriosamente riapparve a Rovigno d’Istria in Croazia, probabilmente messo in salvo da abitanti del luogo.

Le reliquie che si trovano in Calabria a Sant’Eufemia Vetere provengono dal tesoro dell’Abbazia benedettina di Sant’Eufemia portato qui dai Cavalieri di Malta, che a loro volta lo ebbero dai Templari e dagli Ospedalieri quando questi dovettero abbandonare la Terra Santa occupata dai Turchi.

Le reliquie di Santa Eufemia nel 1579 furono donate dall’Abbazia a una chiesetta appena eretta nel casale di San Mauro intitolata a Santa Eufemia, distrutta poi dal terribile terremoto del 1638 e le cui fondamenta probabilmente si trovano sotto l’attuale chiesa di Sant’Eufemia Vetere.

E proprio là, nel 1899 l’allora vescovo Valensise le trovò, abbandonate in un angolo insieme ad altri reperti, durante una visita alla parrocchia.

La lapide, datata 1608 e che possiamo ammirare sulla parete a destra dell’ingresso della chiesa, fu recuperata nel 1899 tra le rovine dell’abbazia da Giovanni Lento e consegnata al vescovo Valensise, che provvide finalmente a sistemare il tutto.
Annamaria Persico

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