Stufe a pellet: l’ennesimo «falso green»?

Non è tutto green quello che siamo abituati a considerare tale: stufe a legna e a pellet, infatti, inquinerebbero più delle tradizionali caldaie a metano e GPL.

A sostenerlo è lo studio pubblicato da «Innovhub-Stazioni Sperimentali per l’Industria», azienda di ricerca e consulenza della Camera di Commercio di Milano.

A destare dubbi sulla sostenibilità ambientale delle stufe a legna e a pellet, i dati sulle emissioni di particolato e polveri sottili, per i quali gli impianti a gas naturale e GPL registrerebbero valori sensibilmente più bassi rispetto alle rivali green. Stesso risultato, secondo lo studio, darebbero le misurazioni delle emissioni di Benzo(a)pirene.

I risultati dei test sui «fumi»
Sono state sottoposte alla «prova emissioni», una stufa a pellet di fascia medio-alta e una di tipo economico, alimentate sia con pellet di classe A1 che A2, rispettivamente la migliore e peggior qualità disponibile sul mercato.

I risultati dimostrerebbero una realtà dei fatti molto diversa da quella solitamente raccontata. Rispetto al particolato, il gas naturale registra un fattore di emissione di 0,04 g/GJ (grammi per gigajoule), 0,1 g/GJ per il gasolio.

Prestazioni sensibilmente peggiori per le stufe a legna, 254 g/GJ, mentre il pellet di qualità A1 darebbe come risultato emissioni di 23,9 g/GJ su stufa di alta gamma e di 44,1 g/GJ su stufa di bassa gamma, arrivando a circa 83 g/GJ con pellet di qualità A2.

Forti differenze anche sulle emissioni di monossido di carbonio: qui le caldaie a GPL e metano producono da 3 a 6 volte meno di quelle a pellet e ben 100 volte meno delle stufe a legna.

Stessi risultati per gli ossidi di azoto (NOx), e quelli di zolfo (SOx). E il cancerogeno Benzo(a)pirene? Se nei fumi delle caldaie a gas naturale e GPL è vicino allo zero (inferiore a 0,08 g/MJ), i valori registrati per la legna arrivano fino a 68,7 g/MJ e a 0,22 g/MJ per il pellet di qualità A1 su stufa ad alta gamma.
(https://ilsalvagente.it/2017/10/09/stufe-a-pellet-lennesimo-falso-green/26648/)

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