Supercelle, quali danni possono provocare questi fenomeni meteo

Maltempo con temporali violenti e piogge torrenziali, oltre a grandinate e fortissime raffiche di vento. Questi i fenomeni meteo estremi che nelle scorse ore hanno colpito l’Italia, con il clima particolarmente accanito nei confronti del Nord della penisola. Ma cosa li provoca? Stando alle parole degli esperti, le responsabili sarebbero da individuare nelle cosiddette ‘supercelle‘. A spiegare cosa sono e quali danni possono provocare, sono gli esperti de ilmeteo.it.

Come scrivono i meteorologi, nella classificazione dei temporali le supercelle “sono i fenomeni più pericolosi in termini di potenza sprigionata e potenziali danni”. Si tratta quindi di “immensi sistemi temporaleschi alti fino a 10/12 km al cui interno è presente una zona di bassa pressione definita in termine tecnico mesociclone”.

A causa delle temperature in aumento, quindi, a crescere è anche “l’energia potenziale (umidità e calore nei bassi strati dell’atmosfera) in gioco per lo sviluppo, appunto, di celle temporalesche imponenti, in grado di provocare eventi meteo estremi come quello della grandine grossa (oltre i 5-6 cm di diametro)”. Nei casi più rari, spiegano ancora gli esperti, il fenomeno, può innescare anche pericolosi tornado.

In situazioni di questo tipo, continuano gli esperti, “sono elevate le probabilità di grandine di grosse dimensioni (fino a 8-10 cm di diametro) associate a forti raffiche di vento fino a 120-130 km/h, chiamate in gergo downburst. Quest’ultimo, definito anche come raffica discendente, è un fenomeno meteorologico che consiste in forti raffiche di vento discensionali con moto orizzontale in uscita dal fronte avanzante del temporale. Le folate possono raggiungere velocità molto elevate, anche superiori ai 100 km/h”.

E i danni che possono provocare, come del resto si è visto nelle scorse ore, sono ingenti: dagli alberi sradicati – con conseguente pericolo per le persone e forti disagi al traffico – agli allagamenti, passando per gli edifici danneggiati alla distruzione delle coltivazioni a causa delle violente grandinate o delle piogge.

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